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Lifespan’s A - Z Health Information Library |
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Pubic liceDefinitionPubic lice are small, six-legged creatures that infect the pubic hair area and lay eggs. These lice can also be found in armpit hair and eyebrows. Alternative NamesPediculosis - pubic lice; Lice - pubic; Crabs CausesPubic lice are known as Phthirus pubis. Lice infestation is found mostly in adolescents. Transmission generally occurs during sexual activity. However, it also can occur through physical contact with contaminated objects such as toilet seats, sheets, and blankets. Some women have gotten pubic lice while trying on bathing suits at a store. Other types of lice include: Risk factors include:
Symptoms
Exams and TestsAn examination of the outer genital area typically reveals small gray-white oval eggs (nits) attached to the hair shaft. It may also reveal adult lice. The health care provider might also see scratch marks or signs of an infection such as impetigo. Because pubic lice may cause an eye infection (blepharitis) in young children, their eyelashes should be examined with a high-powered magnifying glass for evidence of lice. Adult lice may be easily identified under the microscope. Their crab-like appearance is the reason that pubic lice are referred to as "the crabs." TreatmentPubic lice are best treated with a prescription wash such as Elimite or Kwell:
A single treatment is all that is usually needed. If another treatment is recommended, it should be done 4 days to 1 week later. Over-the-counter medications for the treatment of lice include Rid and Nix. Malathione lotion is another treatment option. While you are treating pubic lice, wash all clothing and linens in hot water. Items that cannot be washed may be sprayed with a medicated spray or sealed (suffocated) in plastic bags and not used for 10 - 14 days. It is important for all intimate contacts to be treated at the same time. People with pubic lice should be evaluated for other sexually-transmitted diseases at the time of diagnosis. Outlook (Prognosis)The proper treatment, including thorough cleaning, should get rid of the lice. Possible ComplicationsThe constant scratching and digging can cause the skin to become raw, and secondary infections may develop. When to Contact a Medical ProfessionalCall for an appointment with your health care provider if:
PreventionAvoid sexual or intimate contact with infected people. If you are sexually active, use safe sex practices to avoid getting lice. Good personal hygiene is always recommended. If possible, avoid trying on bathing suits while you are shopping. However, if you must try them on, be sure to wear your underwear. This may prevent transmission. ReferencesJacobson CC, Abel AA. Parasitic infestations. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2007;56:1026-1043. Review Date: 10/11/2008
Reviewed By: Kevin Berman, MD, PhD, Atlanta Center for Dermatologic Disease, Atlanta, GA. Review provided by VeriMed Healthcare Network. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, A.D.A.M., Inc. The information provided herein should not be used during any
medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical
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