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The Mediterranean diet

Definition

The Mediterranean diet has fewer meats and carbohydrates and more plant-based foods and monounsaturated (good) fat than a typical American diet. Many people who live in Italy, Spain, and other countries in the Mediterranean region have eaten this way for centuries.

Following the Mediterranean diet may lead to more stable blood sugars, lower cholesterol and triglycerides, and a lower risk of heart disease and other health problems.

How to Follow the Diet

The Mediterranean diet is based on:

• Plant-based meals, with just small amounts of meat and chicken, when they are used
• Larger servings of grains, fresh fruits and vegetables, nuts, and legumes
• Foods that naturally contain high amounts of fiber, antioxidants, and other nutrients
• Plenty of fish and other seafood that are rich in omega 3 fats
• Olive oil, a healthy, monounsaturated fat, as the main source of fat used to flavor and prepare foods
• Food that is prepared and seasoned simply, without sauces and gravies
• Flavorful meals that bring out the natural taste of foods
• Dining with others at a relaxed pace

Foods Not in the Diet

Foods that are eaten in small amounts or NOT at all in the Mediterranean diet include:

• Red meats
• Sweets and other desserts
• Eggs
• Butter

Possible Health Concerns

Possible health concerns with the Mediterranean include:

• Weight gain, from the fats in olive oil and nuts
• Reduced iron levels. If you choose to follow the Mediterranean diet, be sure to eat foods rich in iron or in vitamin C, which helps your body absorb iron.
• Calcium loss from eating fewer dairy products. Ask your doctor if you should take a calcium supplement. Risk for alcohol abuse, since it is common to drink wine with meals. Avoid wine if you are prone to alcohol abuse, are pregnant, at risk for breast cancer, or have other conditions that alcohol could make worse.

The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed medical professional should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. © 1997- A.D.A.M., Inc. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited.