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| Nicotine & Tobacco Research Center | Physical Activity Research Center | Weight Control & Diabetes Research Center | Other Research at the Centers |
Listed alphabetically by principal investigator.
A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Examines the effectiveness of a brief intervention for smokers who present to the emergency department with respiratory illness.
This is the first randomized, clinical trial to use Motivational Interviewing to motivate asthma medication adherence. Motivational Interviewing will be compared to standard educational and goal setting approaches. The target population is urban pre-and early teens.
Principal
Investigators: Belinda
Borrelli, PhD (Subcontract) & Cynthia Rand, PhD (Project PI)
Co-Investigator:
Kristin Rieckert, PhD
Funding Agency:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Dates:
2005 - 2009
The purpose of this project is to compare an Internet-based tailored physical activity intervention to a print-based tailored physical activity intervention in healthy, sedentary adults.
Principal Investigator:
Bess Marcus, PhD
Co-Investigators: Alfred Parisi, MD; Christopher
Sciamanna, MD, MPH; John Jakicic, PhD; Melissa Napolitano, PhD; Beth Bock,
PhD; Deborah Tate, PhD; Beth Lewis, PhD; Anna Albrecht, RN, MSN; Joseph
Hogan, ScD
Funding Agency:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Dates:
2003 - 2006
The goals of this project are to further the understanding of the development of dependence on nicotine by examining patterns of nicotine dependence in families, brain imaging of participants with nicotine dependence and the social and environmental context in which nicotine dependence develops.
Principal
Investigator: Jeanne McCaffery,
PhD (Subcontract) & Raymond Niaura, PhD (Project PI)
Co-Investigator:
Ron Cohen, PhD
Funding:
National Cancer Institute
Dates:
2004 - 2009
The goal of this project is to examine candidate genes related to inflammation, serotonin and omega-3 fatty acid metabolism to examine their role in predicting depression among cardiac patients
Principal
Investigator: Jeanne McCaffery,
PhD
Funding:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Dates:
2004 - 2006
The goal of this project is to examine putatively environmental predictors of heart disease, including socioeconomic status and health behaviors, such as cigarette smoking and physical activity, in the context of a twin study in which genetic and environmental contributions may be partitioned.
Principal
Investigator: Jeanne McCaffery,
PhD
Funding:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Dates:
2004 - 2006
The project aims to explore the acceptability of microbicides, topical vaginal products women will be able to use to prevent or reduce HIV transmission, by: 1) conducting secondary qualitative metasynthesis analyses on data collected during clinical trials of candidate microbicides, 2) develop a pool of quantitative items that can be used to develop scales and indices of microbicide acceptability, 3) conduct evaluative work on the items such that a set of scales and/or items is produced for use in Phase III efficacy trials and further acceptability research. The project recently completed enrollment of 531 women from 4 states in the northeast US. Data are now being analyzed, with the goal of validating several scales for subsequent microbicide acceptability study use.
Principal
Investigator: Kathleen M.
Morrow, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Rochelle Rosen, PhD; Joseph Fava, PhD; Kenneth H. Mayer, MD; Susan Cu-Uvin,
MD; Patricia Symonds, PhD
Funding Agency:
National Institute of Mental Health
Dates:
2001 - 2006
The major problem in obesity treatment is failure to maintain long-term weight loss. The purpose of the present study is to conduct secondary data analysis of three existing datasets to better understand the role of dispositional, environmental, and behavioral factors in determining long-term successful weight control across a variety of different treatment and patient populations. The study will: 1) identify the latent cluster of environmental, dispositional, and behavioral factors that best distinguish a group of Long-Term Successful Weight Losers from a group of overweight Unsuccessful Weight Losers; 2) examine whether the latent cluster of factors may be used to predict who, among those losing weight after 6 months of treatment, will remain successful at 12 and 18-month follow-ups; 3) compare the relative importance of each latent factor (i.e., environmental, dispositional, and behavioral) in predicting successful weight loss at 12 and 18-month follow-ups; and, 4) determine whether the same cluster of latent factors are associated with successful weight loss in Caucasian and African-American participants.
Principal
Investigator: Suzanne Phelan,
PhD
Co-Investigators:
Rena Wing, PhD; Amy Gorin, PhD; Michael Lowe, PhD
Funding Agency:
National Institute
of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Dates:
2005 - 2007
Maintaining exercise participation among patients who have completed cardiac rehabilitation is integral to secondary prevention of coronary events and cardiac re-hospitalization. To promote exercise maintenance after completion of a 12 week Phase II rehabilitation program, we propose to offer a theoretically-based intervention that we have used successfully to promote exercise among older, primary-care patients. This program (Maintenance Counseling) includes brief advice from the Cardiac Rehabilitation case manager at Phase II program discharge followed by telephone-counseling based on the Transtheoretical Model of Behavior Change and Social Cognitive Theory. Using a randomized controlled design, 180 patients will be assigned to Maintenance Counseling or Brief Advice plus Contact Control. Outcome assessments will include an exercise tolerance test (baseline/post-rehabilitation and 6 months), self-reported exercise participation, motivational readiness for exercise, and objective activity monitoring at baseline, 6, and 12 months. These data will help to identify whether telephone-based exercise counseling is an effective strategy for sustaining regular exercise and fitness among cardiac rehabilitation patients thereby contributing to secondary prevention of coronary heart disease.
Principal
Investigator: Bernardine
Pinto, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Michael Goldstein, MD; George Papandonatos, PhD; Bess Marcus, PhD; John
Todaro, PhD; Peter Tilkemeier, MD
Funding Agency:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Dates: 2004 - 2008
Prior research has demonstrated that moderate-intensity physical activity (PA) can improve enhance physical functioning, reduce fatigue and improve vigor among cancer patients and those who have completed medical treatments. These efforts have not been integrated with the healthcare system. Data support the role of primary care providers in promoting PA among their sedentary patients; the role of oncologists in encouraging patients to become physically active has not been examined. This study aims at testing the efficacy of a PA intervention in an outpatient oncology setting. We plan to compare Brief Advice for PA (MD advice plus contact control) vs. Extended Advice (MD advice plus telephone-based PA counseling by research staff) over 3 months among 300 women who have completed treatment for breast cancer in the past 2 years. If the data are promising, the study lays the groundwork for improving cancer recovery by integrating a brief PA intervention into follow-up care for cancer survivors.
Principal
Investigator: Bernardine
Pinto, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Michael Goldstein, MD & George Papandonatos, PhD
Funding Agency:
American Cancer Society
Dates:
2003 - 2008
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the U.S. and if detected early, has a favorable prognosis. Colorectal cancer survivors face many physical and psychosocial sequelae including second cancers, adverse effects on major organs, cognitive, and sexual function, problems in work and social roles and reduced quality of life. This study focuses on enhancing recovery by offering a home-based physical activity program to patients who have completed treatment for colorectal cancer. This study will test the efficacy of the physical activity intervention using a randomized controlled design among 134 patients who have completed treatment for colorectal cancer in the past 2 years. Outcomes will include physical activity behavior, fitness, vigor, fatigue, physical functioning, and body esteem among participants at baseline, 3 (post-treatment), 6 and 12 months. We will also track intervention costs and conduct exploratory analyses of moderators and mediators of change to help guide the future development of physical activity interventions to enhance recovery from colorectal cancer.
Principal
Investigator: Bernardine
Pinto, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Michael Goldstein, MD; George Papandonatos, PhD; Bess Marcus, PhD; Charlie
Neighbors, PhD, MBA; William Sikov, MD
Funding Agency:
National Cancer Institute
Dates:
2004 - 2008
Studies conducted in research settings have demonstrated that physical activity adoption among cancer survivors can improve their physical functioning, quality of life, mood and fatigue. In the first step towards translating these efforts into a community setting, we propose a pilot study to examine the feasibility and effects of a telephone-based physical activity program offered by community volunteers (specifically, Reach to Recovery volunteers of the local office of the American Cancer Society) to 25 breast cancer survivors. We will also assess the barriers to implementing the intervention as identified by the volunteers and gather data on any side-effects among participants. Additionally, we will assess the perceived acceptability and usefulness of the intervention to the volunteers and participants. These data will be used to design and support a larger dissemination trial of the effects of physical activity promotion to enhance cancer recovery in a community setting.
Principal
Investigator: Bernardine
Pinto, PhD
Funding Agency:
Lance Armstrong Foundation
Dates: 2004 - 2006
There is mounting evidence, that physical activity can reduce the risk of breast cancer survivors experiencing health problems and psychosocial difficulties. This pilot study will assess the feasibility of sedentary breast cancer survivors simultaneously adopting a (previously tested) moderate-intensity physicalactivity (PA) program along with relaxation training (RT); the hope is that adding RT to this previously tested PA program will improve mood outcomes.
Principal
Investigator: Carolyn Rabin,
PhD
Co-Investigators:
Bernardine Pinto, PhD; Justin Nash, PhD; Peter Trask, PhD; William Sikov,
MD; Robert Legare, MD; Jennifer Gass, MD
Funding Agency:
Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation
Dates:
2005 - 2007
Should healthy foods be increased or unhealthy foods decreased? The goal of this study is to develop an intervention for young children who are overweight or at risk for overweight to improve eating patterns by either focusing on foods to increase or decrease in the diet.
Principal
Investigator: Hollie A.
Raynor, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Rena R. Wing, PhD & Elissa Jelalian, PhD
Funding Agency:
American Diabetes Association
Dates:
2005 - 2008
The goal of this study is to develop an intervention for young children who are verweight or at risk for overweight that can be implemented in a primary care setting and focuses on increasing physical activity and decreasing sweetened drinks or the substitutes to these behaviors.
Principal
Investigator: Hollie A.
Raynor, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Rena R. Wing, PhD & Elissa Jelalian, PhD
Funding Agency: National Institute
of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Dates:
2005 - 2007
The objective of this mentored patient-oriented research career development award is to obtain training in stress responses and depression in adolescents and to develop a program of research examining: a) How do HPA responses to stress change across puberty in boys and girls? and b) Do changes in HPA responses to stress over puberty influence the emergence of sex differences in depression? This work has implications for targeted intervention and prevention efforts to diminish sex differences in adolescent depression. It should also elucidate basic interactions between the gonadal and stress axes over puberty.
Principal
Investigator: Laura Stroud,
PhD
Mentors:
Raymond Niaura, PhD; Ronald Seifer, PhD; Ronald Dahl, MD: Adrian Angold,
MRC Psych.
Funding:
National Institute of Mental Health
Dates:
2002 - 2007
The objective of this grant is to examine prenatal neuroendocrine mediators (cortisol, testosterone) of links between maternal and offspring smoking. A second objective is to examine sex differences in mediating models.
Principal
Investigator: Laura Stroud,
PhD
Mentors:
Raymond Niaura, PhD; Stephen Buka, ScD; Lewis Lipsitt, PhD; Edmond
Shenassa, ScD
Funding:
National Institute of Child health and Human Development
Dates:
2003 - 2006
Aim to identify potential signs of withdrawal in smoking exposed infants and fetuses and to differentiate immediate versus more persistent neurobehavioral deficits resulting from prenatal smoking exposure.
Principal
Investigator: Laura Stroud,
PhD
Co-Investigators: Raymond
Niaura, PhD; Barry Lester, PhD; Amy Salisbury, PhD, RN; George
Papandonatos, PhD; Hendree Jones, PhD; Neal Benowitz, PhD
Funding: National Institute On Drug Abuse
Dates:
2005 - 2010
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality among American men and women. Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recognized as a vital component of secondary prevention of future incident heart disease. Unfortunately, the effectiveness of CR has been studied primarily in men, neglecting the benefits of CR services in women. In the available published studies as well as in our previous work investigating sex differences following CR, women appear to experience fewer psychological and quality of life (QOL) benefits than men. We assert that, since women are often older, manage multiple comorbid medical conditions, and have fewer sources of social support prior to initiating CR, women are likely to benefit less from standard CR programs and may require more tailored interventions. Our long-term objectives are to: 1) advance knowledge pertaining to the long-term benefits of CR in both men and women, and, based on the data obtained from this proposed study, 2) produce behavioral interventions that maximize the medical and psychological functioning of both men and women.
Principal
Investigator: John Todaro, PhD
Co-Investigators:
Raymond Niaura, PhD; Bess Marcus, PhD; Peter Tilkemeier, MD
Funding Agency:
National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute
Dates:
2001 - 2006
Depression is an independent risk factor for the development of coronary heart disease (CHD) in healthy men and women. It has been estimated that depressed individuals have a 64% increased relative risk for the development of CHD than nondepressed individuals. Recent studies have suggested that elevated levels of systemic inflammation could be responsible, in part, for the increased CHD risk associated with depression by accelerating the atherosclerotic process. Although there is promising evidence that systemic inflammation could be an important link in the relationship between depression and CHD, it is still unknown whether treating depression can alter inflammatory processes and, ultimately, reduce the risk of developing CHD. The objective of this study is to conduct a preliminary clinical trial to examine the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on inflammatory markers associated with atherosclerosis. Seventy depressed men and women will be randomly assigned to either a cognitive behavioral therapy (treatment) group or a no treatment (control) group. Depressed individuals assigned to both the treatment and control group will be followed for up to one year to examine the long-term effect of depression treatment on markers of systemic inflammation. This study represents an important step in developing treatments that prevent the premature onset of CHD in depressed individuals.
Principal
Investigators: John Todaro,
PhD
Co-Investigators:
Raymond Niaura, PhD & Ivan Miller, PhD
Funding Agency: Mental Health
Research Association (NARSAD)
Dates:
2004 - 2006
This study measures food reinforcement in a clinical setting to determine if food reinforcement changes when a traditional weight loss diet is prescribed.
Principal
Investigator: Rena R. Wing,
PhD
Co-Investigator:
Hollie A. Raynor, PhD
Funding Agency:
National Institute
of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Dates:
2004 - 2006
This study compares successful long-term weight loss maintainers with normal weight controls to determine whether the former must work harder to maintain their weight.
Principal
Investigator: Rena R. Wing,
PhD
Co-Investigators:
Suzanne Phelan, PhD & Hollie A. Raynor, PhD
Funding Agency: National Institute
of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
Dates:
2004 - 2007
